{"id":208603,"date":"2021-05-03T14:20:20","date_gmt":"2021-05-03T14:20:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/?page_id=208603"},"modified":"2021-05-03T14:46:53","modified_gmt":"2021-05-03T14:46:53","slug":"zwackjozsef","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/en\/zwackjozsef\/","title":{"rendered":"zwackjozsef"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Zwack J\u00f3zsef munk\u00e1ss\u00e1ga<\/span><\/h2>\n
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The life-work of J\u00f3zsef Zwack<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t
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English article below<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eZwack \u00edgy tov\u00e1bb!\u201d[1]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

200 \u00e9ve sz\u00fcletett Zwack J\u00f3zsef a Zwack J. \u00e9s T\u00e1rsai lik\u0151r k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9gek gy\u00e1r\u00e1nak alap\u00edt\u00f3ja<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c9ppen k\u00e9tsz\u00e1z \u00e9ve 1821. \u00e1prilis 1-\u00e9n sz\u00fcletett meg az Osztr\u00e1k Birodalom Cseh Kir\u00e1lys\u00e1g\u00e1ban a mai Batelov telep\u00fcl\u00e9sen Zwak Wolf, azaz Zwack J\u00f3zsef cs\u00e1sz\u00e1ri \u00e9s kir\u00e1lyi udvari sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3, keresked\u0151, gy\u00e1ros a hazai lik\u0151ripar, lik\u0151rgy\u00e1rt\u00e1s kiemelked\u0151 alakja. A Zwack Unicum c\u00e9g megalap\u00edt\u00f3ja.<\/p>\n

A ma majd 2000 f\u0151s l\u00e9leksz\u00e1mot sz\u00e1ml\u00e1l\u00f3 kis telep\u00fcl\u00e9s a d\u00e9l-csehorsz\u00e1gi Jihlavai j\u00e1r\u00e1sban helyezkedik el, ahol a k\u00f6z\u00e9pkor \u00f3ta laktak zsid\u00f3k. A zsid\u00f3kra vonatkoz\u00f3 els\u0151 \u00edr\u00e1sos eml\u00e9kek 1426-b\u00f3l val\u00f3k. A zsid\u00f3 k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g a 18. sz\u00e1zad v\u00e9g\u00e9t\u0151l akt\u00edvan m\u0171k\u00f6dik a telep\u00fcl\u00e9sen. Az 1790-es nagy t\u0171z ut\u00e1ni \u00fajonnan \u00e9p\u00edtett zsid\u00f3 negyed ma is j\u00f3l meg\u0151rz\u00f6tt egys\u00e9get k\u00e9pez kis ter\u00e9vel \u00e9s t\u00f6bb keskeny utc\u00e1j\u00e1val. A telep\u00fcl\u00e9s ma is \u00e1ll\u00f3 zsinag\u00f3g\u00e1j\u00e1t 1794-ben \u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a r\u00e9gi imah\u00e1z hely\u00e9re.[2]<\/a> Zsid\u00f3 temet\u0151j\u00e9be a 17. sz\u00e1zad v\u00e9g\u00e9t\u0151l temetkeztek, ahol ma is mintegy 300 s\u00edrk\u0151 megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3. A legr\u00e9gebbi s\u00edrk\u0151 1715-b\u0151l sz\u00e1rmazik. A r\u00e9gi temet\u0151 Csehorsz\u00e1g kultur\u00e1lis \u00f6r\u00f6ks\u00e9gi eml\u00e9kek\u00e9nt v\u00e9dett. A Zwack csal\u00e1d \u0151sei is itt nyugszanak. A csal\u00e1df\u00e1t az alap\u00edt\u00f3 nagysz\u00fcleiig lehet visszavezetni, akik itt a telep\u00fcl\u00e9sen \u00e9ltek. A nagysz\u00fcl\u0151k Zwak[3]<\/a> Adam (1744 k\u00f6r\u00fcl \u2013 1817. okt\u00f3ber 20.) \u00e9s neje Roz\u00e1lia (1752 \u2013 1839) voltak.<\/p>\n

Unok\u00e1juk Zwak Wolf (\u05d6\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u05d1 \u05d6\u05d5\u05d5\u05d0\u05e7), azaz a dinasztiaalap\u00edt\u00f3 k\u00e9s\u0151bbi Zwack J\u00f3zsef, Zwak Caspar azaz G\u00e1sp\u00e1r (1779 \u2013 1862. \u00e1prilis 17.) \u00e9s L\u00f6wy Leonore avagy Eleon\u00f3ra (1792 \u2013 1857. febru\u00e1r 14.) harmadik fi\u00fagyermekek\u00e9nt sz\u00fcletett ezen a kis csehorsz\u00e1gi telep\u00fcl\u00e9sen n\u00e9pes csal\u00e1dban. Abban az id\u0151szakban, amikor az Osztr\u00e1k Birodalom ipara \u00e9ppen kezdett kibontakozni. A csal\u00e1dfa szerint \u00f6sszesen 12, azaz 7 fi\u00fa \u00e9s 5 l\u00e1nytestv\u00e9re testv\u00e9re volt Wolfnak. A visszaeml\u00e9kez\u00e9sek szerint \u201em\u00e1r 19 \u00e9ves kor\u00e1ban foglalkozott a szeszipari szakm\u00e1val s bizonyos el\u0151rel\u00e1t\u00e1ssal m\u00e1r akkor is g\u00f6rebei (?) mellett dolgozott s azt az elvet kezdte \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes\u00edteni, hogy az italokat ne esszenci\u00e1kb\u00f3l, hanem az italnak nevet ad\u00f3 anyagokb\u00f3l kell k\u00e9sz\u00edteni; v\u00e9g\u00fcl is ez az alapelv szerezte meg sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra 75 \u00e9ves munk\u00e1ss\u00e1g ut\u00e1n azt a h\u00edrnevet, a melyet maga ut\u00e1n hagyott.\u201d<\/em>[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Ezzel a c\u00edmmel jelent meg 1995-ben a csal\u00e1d legend\u00e1riuma: Zwack \u00edgy tov\u00e1bb! \u2013 egy csal\u00e1d, egy gy\u00e1r, egy ital legend\u00e1riuma. Ab Ovo Kiad\u00f3. Budapest, 1995.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> https:\/\/www.hrady.cz\/synagoga-batelov-jihlava<\/a> 2021.01.29.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> A zwak\u00a0 sz\u00f3 jelent\u00e9se egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt h\u00e9ber\u00fcl: gyenge<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Magyar Ipar. 1915. febru\u00e1r 28. 139. p.<\/p>\n

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A magyarorsz\u00e1gi szesz- \u00e9s lik\u0151ripar kialakul\u00e1sa is Zwack J\u00f3zsef ifj\u00fas\u00e1ga idej\u00e9re tehet\u0151. A Csehorsz\u00e1gb\u00f3l haz\u00e1nkba v\u00e1ndorl\u00f3 iparos-keresked\u0151 (csal\u00e1d), a haz\u00e1nkban rejl\u0151 \u00fczleti \u00e9s gazdas\u00e1gi lehet\u0151s\u00e9get l\u00e1tva 1840-ben megalap\u00edtotta \u00fczlet\u00e9t[1]<\/a> Pest v\u00e1ros k\u00f6zpontj\u00e1ban a Marokk\u00f3i-udvarban. \u00a0(A Csehorsz\u00e1gb\u00f3l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 bev\u00e1ndorl\u00e1s t\u00f6bb m\u00e1s k\u00e9s\u0151bb ismert\u00e9 v\u00e1lt keresked\u0151csal\u00e1d eset\u00e9ben is jellemz\u0151 volt. A betelep\u00fcl\u00e9s k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151 volt az 1840. \u00e9vi t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyi v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1soknak is: ez megengedte a zsid\u00f3knak a szabad v\u00e1ndorl\u00e1st, a szabad kereskedelmet, mesters\u00e9g \u00e9s gy\u00e1ripar l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1t.) Ez az \u00e9p\u00fclet a mai Erzs\u00e9bet t\u00e9r hely\u00e9n \u00e1llt. A Marokk\u00f3i-h\u00e1z[2]<\/a> a legkiv\u00e1l\u00f3bb helyen volt \u00fczleti szempontb\u00f3l. A pesti Duna-part, a kereskedelmi \u00fatvonalak, bev\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00f3 utc\u00e1k (az egykori Rak-piac, V\u00e1ci utca, Kir\u00e1ly utca) k\u00f6zeles\u00e9ge \u00e1rusz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l is megfelel\u0151nek t\u0171nt. R\u00e1ad\u00e1sul a Marokk\u00f3i-h\u00e1zban igen sok nagykeresked\u0151, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt az 1804-ben alap\u00edtott Hoffmann J\u00f3zsef gyarmat\u00e1ru-keresked\u0151 c\u00e9g is m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00f6tt. Zwack J\u00f3zsef a forr\u00e1sok szerint nem egyed\u00fcl \u00e9rkezett Pestre k\u00f6vett\u00e9k \u0151t fi\u00fatestv\u00e9rei, akik szint\u00e9n p\u00e1linkaf\u0151z\u00e9ssel, vagy szeszkereskedelemmel foglalkoztak. (Zwack Max azaz Miksa a k\u00e9s\u0151bbi c\u00e9gt\u00e1rsa, Zwack M\u00f3r, Zwack D\u00e1vid is Pesten telepedett le.)<\/p>\n

A szesz \u00e9s lik\u0151rgy\u00e1rt\u00f3 v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1sok kezdetben a kir\u00e1lyi haszonb\u00e9rletekb\u0151l az \u00fagynevezett reg\u00e1l\u00e9kb\u0151l fejl\u0151dtek ki. Az 1830-as, 1840-es \u00e9vek iparp\u00e1rtol\u00f3 mozgalmai \u00e9s politikai el\u0151rel\u00e9p\u00e9sei, a kereskedelmi \u00e9s ipari t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyek megjelen\u00e9se szint\u00e9n seg\u00edtette a hazai szeszipar el\u0151mozdul\u00e1s\u00e1t, fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s tulajdonk\u00e9ppen kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1t. A zsid\u00f3s\u00e1g a k\u00f6z\u00e9pkort\u00f3l kezdve kiszor\u00edtott szerepben \u00e9lt Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban, mindemellett keresked\u0151i tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9get folytathattak, s jogi helyzet\u00fckb\u0151l k\u00f6vetkez\u0151en a p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyek \u00e9s kereskedelem mellett \u00e1rend\u00e1s azaz haszonb\u00e9rleti \u00fcgyletekkel is foglalkozhattak. Ilyen a zsid\u00f3s\u00e1g \u00e1ltal is gyakorolt foglalkoz\u00e1s volt a kocsm\u00e1ltat\u00e1si jog illetve a p\u00e1linka vagy az \u00e9getett szesz f\u0151z\u00e9si jogok b\u00e9rl\u00e9se, mind f\u00f6ldes\u00fari, mind ak\u00e1r mez\u0151v\u00e1rosi vagy szabad kir\u00e1lyi v\u00e1rosi k\u00f6rnyezetben.[3]<\/a> A t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyi v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1soknak k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en m\u00e1r zsid\u00f3k is alap\u00edthattak haz\u00e1nkban gy\u00e1rat \u00e9s \u00fczemet. Az 1867-es emancip\u00e1ci\u00f3 pedig a zsid\u00f3 keresked\u0151kre \u00e9s iparosokra n\u00e9zve is megk\u00f6nny\u00edtette a beilleszked\u00e9st a leteleped\u00e9st \u00e9s a szabadabb \u00fczletvitelt.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Ellentmond\u00f3ak a forr\u00e1sok az alap\u00edt\u00e1st illet\u0151en. A c\u00e9ges \u00e9s m\u00e1s nyomtatott korabeli forr\u00e1sokban egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171en az 1840-es d\u00e1tum szerepel, amely bizony\u00edt\u00f3 erej\u0171 lehet. Azonban Gaj\u00e1ry Istv\u00e1n tanulm\u00e1ny\u00e1ban azt \u00edrja, hogy J\u00f3zsef 1846-ban folyamodott Pest v\u00e1ros\u00e1hoz leteleped\u00e9si jog\u00e9rt \u00e9s 1847-ben szeszf\u0151z\u00e9si jog\u00e9rt is folyamodott. L\u00e1sd: Gaj\u00e1ry Istv\u00e1n: Szempontok a Zwack Szeszgy\u00e1r 1915 \u00e9s 1950 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9hez. In: V\u00e1rost\u00f6rt\u00e9neti Tanulm\u00e1nyok. 13. Budapest, 2013.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> A Marokk\u00f3i h\u00e1zat vagy udvart 1789-ben kezdt\u00e9k \u00e9p\u00edteni. Egyesek szerint a h\u00e1z nev\u00e9t a burnuszba burkol\u00f3z\u00f3 szerecsenr\u0151l kapta, akinek a szobra az \u00e9p\u00fclet homlokzat\u00e1n helyezkedett el. A f\u00f6ldszinten boltok, \u00fczletek voltak, az emeleten vend\u00e9gl\u0151 \u00e9s b\u00e9rlak\u00e1sok helyezkedtek el. A b\u00e9rh\u00e1zban mintegy 200-an laktak. A h\u00e1zat 1962-ben bontott\u00e1k el.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Gaj\u00e1ry Istv\u00e1n: Szempontok a Zwack Szeszgy\u00e1r 1915 \u00e9s 1950 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9hez. In: V\u00e1rost\u00f6rt\u00e9neti Tanulm\u00e1nyok. 13. Budapest, 2013.<\/p>\n

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A k\u00e9s\u0151bbi konkurens jelent\u0151sebb lik\u0151r \u00e9s szesziparban \u00e9rdekelt v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1sok is ekkor illetve a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 \u00e9vtizedekben alakultak. Az els\u0151 nagyobbat a Braun Testv\u00e9rek Lik\u0151rgy\u00e1r\u00e1t 1839-ben alap\u00edtott\u00e1k, amely szempontunkb\u00f3l az\u00e9rt \u00e9rdekes, mert 1901-ben l\u00e9trehozott St. Hubertus keser\u0171lik\u0151r term\u00e9k\u00e9t ma m\u00e1r a Zwack c\u00e9g forgalmazza. 1852-ben j\u00f6tt l\u00e9tre a Grauer Miksa \u00e1ltal alap\u00edtott szesz-, ecet \u00e9s lik\u0151rgy\u00e1r. Szint\u00e9n ekkoriban az 1850-es \u00e9vekben alakult a kor\u00e1bban doh\u00e1ny\u00fczlettel foglalkoz\u00f3 \u00e9s profilt v\u00e1lt\u00f3 Gschwindt-f\u00e9le szesz-, \u00e9leszt\u0151-, lik\u0151r \u00e9s rumgy\u00e1r. A Sch\u00f6del Ferenc \u00e1ltal 1853-ban alap\u00edtott szeszgy\u00e1r\u00e1t Krausz csal\u00e1d vette meg \u00e9s 1869-t\u0151l Krausz-Moskovits rt. n\u00e9ven v\u00e1ltak sikeress\u00e9 t\u00f6bb \u00fczlet\u00e1gat (szesz, ecet, lik\u0151r, konyak, p\u00e1linka) is \u00fczemeltetve. Szint\u00e9n kiemelhet\u0151 az \u00f3budai Leipziger Vilmos \u00e1ltal 1867-ben megalak\u00edtott \u00d3budai Szesz\u00e9get\u0151 \u00e9s Finom\u00edt\u00f3 Rt. azaz szesz \u00e9s ecetgy\u00e1r, amelyet ma m\u00e1r BUSZESZ rt. n\u00e9ven ismer\u00fcnk. De t\u00e9rj\u00fcnk vissza Zwack J\u00f3zsefhez.<\/p>\n

Sajnos \u00e9letrajz\u00e1nak korai szakasza kev\u00e9ss\u00e9 ismert, nem ismerj\u00fck iskol\u00e1it \u00e9s azt sem, honnan saj\u00e1t\u00edtotta el szeszipari ismereteit. Mindenesetre ismerj\u00fck , hogy szakm\u00e1j\u00e1nak kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 szak\u00e9rt\u0151je volt. Tudjuk, hogy \u201ep\u00e9ld\u00e1s pontoss\u00e1ggal dolgozott reggelt\u0151l estig az \u00edr\u00f3asztal\u00e1n\u00e1l az \u00d6reg, akit a szakma gener\u00e1lis elnevez\u00e9ssel illetett. Munkakedve \u00e9s b\u00e1mulatos eml\u00e9kez\u0151tehets\u00e9ge m\u00e9g 93 \u00e9ves kor\u00e1ban sem hagyta el. Saj\u00e1t kez\u0171leg \u00edrt al\u00e1 ak\u00e1r 400 levelet \u00e9s p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a 246-ik int\u0151lev\u00e9ln\u00e9l \u00e9szrevette, hogy a megintett f\u00e9l m\u00e1r k\u00e9t nap el\u0151tt fizetett.\u201d<\/em>[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

Zwack J\u00f3zsef 1848. m\u00e1rcius 26-\u00e1n, Pesten vette feles\u00e9g\u00fcl Sattler M\u00e1ri\u00e1t (1823 \u2013 1893. j\u00falius 20.) Sattler Salamon \u00e9s Ter\u00e9z l\u00e1ny\u00e1t, akit\u0151l a gyermekei a c\u00e9g k\u00e9s\u0151bbi ut\u00f3dai sz\u00fclettek. 1852 \u00e9s 1855 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt n\u00e9gy gyermeke sz\u00fcletett: Hermina, R\u00f3za, \u00d6d\u00f6n \u00e9s Lajos. Ut\u00f3bbi lett a Zwack c\u00e9g k\u00e9s\u0151bbi (harmadik) \u00fczlett\u00e1rsa. 1852-ben gy\u00e1ripari m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si enged\u00e9lyt kapott. Pesti polg\u00e1rjogot 1860-ban kapott Zwack J\u00f3zsef. 1861-ben a Haj\u00f3s utc\u00e1ban lakik a pesti c\u00edmt\u00e1r szerint.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

A kis \u00fczem sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra azonban a Marokk\u00f3i h\u00e1z helyis\u00e9gei sz\u0171k\u00f6snek bizonyultak ez\u00e9rt 1850 k\u00f6r\u00fcl a ter\u00e9zv\u00e1rosi K\u00e9t Szerecsen utca (mai Paulay Ede utca) 4 \u00e9s 5. sz\u00e1m al\u00e1 k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00f6tt \u00e9s itt tov\u00e1bb terjeszkedett, az \u00fczlet mellett a pinc\u00e9t is kib\u00e9relte. Majd, amikor ezt is kin\u0151tt\u00e9k a szomsz\u00e9dos h\u00e1zat \u00fagynevezett \u201etolludvart\u201d is haszn\u00e1lta \u00fczlet\u00e9nek. A csal\u00e1d is itt lakott eg\u00e9szen az Andr\u00e1ssy \u00fat ki\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9ig. Az 1882-t\u0151l a belv\u00e1rosban a F\u00fcrd\u0151 utca 4. sz\u00e1m alatt fi\u00f3k\u00fczletet is m\u0171k\u00f6dtettek. Zwack J\u00f3zsef \u00fczlet\u00e9be 1866-t\u00f3l bet\u00e1rsult testv\u00e9re Zwack Miksa (korabeli elnevez\u00e9ssel Max) (1837. december 18 – 1920. febru\u00e1r 6.) A c\u00e9g neve k\u00e9s\u0151bb is ez volt Zwack J\u00f3zsef \u00e9s T\u00e1rsai. A v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1s a ter\u00e9zv\u00e1rosi helyet is kin\u0151tte \u00e9s 1885 k\u00f6r\u00fcl az \u00dcll\u0151i \u00fat 19. sz\u00e1m al\u00e1 k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00f6tt, amelyr\u0151l sz\u00e1ml\u00e1k alapj\u00e1n k\u00e9pi \u00e1br\u00e1zol\u00e1sunk is van. Az egyszintes nagy udvaros<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Magyar Ipar. 1915. febru\u00e1r 28. 139. p.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Pester Lloyd Kalender. Pest, 1861. 10. p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

desztill\u00e1l\u00f3val \u00e9s rakt\u00e1ri kapacit\u00e1ssal is rendelkez\u0151 v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1s, telephely tov\u00e1bb fejl\u0151d\u00f6tt. (A korabeli le\u00edr\u00e1s szerint itt helyezkedett el a szesz-, rum \u00e9s lik\u0151rgy\u00e1r, a lep\u00e1rl\u00f3, a g\u00e9ph\u00e1z \u00e9s tiszt\u00edt\u00f3m\u0171helyek.) Mindemellett megtartott\u00e1k a K\u00e9t Szerecsen utcai telephelyeket is.<\/p>\n

A v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1s egyre sikeresebb lett. Sorra hozta el a hazai \u00e9s k\u00fclf\u00f6ldi ipari v\u00e1s\u00e1rok d\u00edjait lik\u0151rk\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9geivel. A c\u00e9g jelesen szerepelt az 1873-as b\u00e9csi Vil\u00e1gki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1son, az Orsz\u00e1gos Iparegyes\u00fclet D\u00edsz\u00e9rm\u00e9t 1876-ban szerezte meg a c\u00e9g. Sikerrel (arany \u00e9s bronz \u00e9rmet szerezve) megjelentek az 1879-es Sz\u00e9kesfeh\u00e9rv\u00e1ri Orsz\u00e1gos Ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1son, valamint az 1879-es \u00e9s az 1882-es Trieszti nemzetk\u00f6zi ipari v\u00e1s\u00e1ron. Az igazi sikert az 1885-\u00f6s f\u0151v\u00e1rosi Orsz\u00e1gos \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s hozta meg, ahol Zwack J\u00f3zsef m\u00e1r, mint zs\u0171ri tag is szerepelt. Ekkoriban a 22 munk\u00e1st foglalkoztat\u00f3 gy\u00e1r m\u00e1r 20-30 ezer forint \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u0171 export\u00e1rut termelt \u00e9s forgalmazott.<\/em> 1887-ben egy \u00fczemi baleset is t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt, ahol a tulajdonosok illetve a csal\u00e1dtagok is megs\u00e9r\u00fcltek: \u201eA desztill\u00e1l\u00f3 helyis\u00e9gben\u00a0 kaka\u00f3 lik\u0151rt akartak el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtani. A m\u0171hely k\u00f6zep\u00e9n elhelyezett kaz\u00e1nban v\u00edzbe t\u00e9ve k\u00e9t nagy r\u00e9z\u00fcveg \u00e1llott, az egyik cognakkal, a m\u00e1sik spirituszszal megt\u00f6ltve. A kaz\u00e1nt alulr\u00f3l meleg\u00edtett\u00e9k, hogy a szesz \u00e9s cognak p\u00e1rolg\u00e1sba j\u00f6jj\u00f6n. A hatalmas f\u0171t\u00e9s k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben a p\u00e1rolg\u00e1s csakhamar oly m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben \u00e1llott be, hogy az illet\u0151 g\u0151z bet\u00f6lt\u00f6tte az eg\u00e9sz helyis\u00e9get. Mind err\u0151l azonban a gy\u00e1rban nem tudtak s valamennyi helyis\u00e9gben nyugodtan dolgoztak, mikor egyszerre \u00e1gy\u00fad\u00f6rejhez hasonl\u00f3 robban\u00e1s hallatszott, s a m\u00e1sik percben l\u00e1ngnyelvek t\u00f6rtek el\u0151 a desztill\u00e1l\u00f3 m\u0171helyb\u0151l. A c\u00e9g egyik tagja Zwack Lajos r\u00f6gt\u00f6n odasietett, hogy megn\u00e9zze, micsoda szerencs\u00e9tlens\u00e9g t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt, de veszt\u00e9re, mert az \u00e9g\u0151 szesz \u00e9s cognak g\u0151z kez\u00e9t, karj\u00e1t, arc\u00e1t \u00f6ssze\u00e9gette. A munk\u00e1sok nyomban vizet fecskendeztek be, valamint a gyorsan el\u0151sietett t\u0171zolt\u00f3k is s a t\u0171z elolt\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n behatolhattak a m\u0171helybe. Itt az egyik sarokban egy teljesen \u00f6sszep\u00f6rk\u00f6lt alak jajgatott, aki nem volt m\u00e1s, mint Zwack K\u00e1roly pincemester. A szerencs\u00e9tlent a ment\u0151t\u00e1rsulat sz\u00e1ll\u00edtotta be az \u00dcll\u0151i- \u00fati \u00faj k\u00f6zk\u00f3rh\u00e1zba, hol k\u00fcl\u00f6n szob\u00e1ban helyezt\u00e9k el.\u201d<\/em>[1]<\/a> A korabeli ipari \u00fczemekben gyakorta el\u0151fordultak hasonl\u00f3 esetek, ez\u00e9rt szerencs\u00e9s a c\u00e9g, hogy a neh\u00e9zs\u00e9gek ellen\u00e9re, mind technol\u00f3giailag fejlesztette telephelyeit \u00e9s ha kin\u0151tte azokat b\u0151v\u00edtette gy\u00e1rtelephely\u00e9t<\/p>\n

\u201e1891-ben a Temesv\u00e1ri ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1son aratott sikert term\u00e9keivel Zwack J\u00f3zsef: Alkalmunk volt – ezen cz\u00e9g gy\u00e1rtm\u00e1nyainak kit\u0171n\u0151 volt\u00e1r\u00f3l 1885. \u00e9vben a Budapesti Orsz\u00e1gos Ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s alkalm\u00e1b\u00f3l meggy\u0151z\u0151d\u00e9st szerezni; mennyire fokoz\u00f3dott azonban meglepet\u00e9s\u00fcnk, mid\u0151n az ez \u00e9vben Temesv\u00e1rott tartott ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1son, melyen Zwack J\u00f3zsef \u00e9s T\u00e1rsai cz\u00e9g oly kiv\u00e1l\u00f3an r\u00e9szt vett, alkalmunk volt arr\u00f3l meggy\u0151z\u0151dni, hogy ezen ar\u00e1nylag r\u00f6vid id\u0151 alatt mennyire siker\u00fclt ezen ez\u00e9gnek gy\u00e1rtm\u00e1nyait t\u00f6k\u00e9letesb\u00edteni \u00e9s nemesb\u00edteni, \u00fagy hogy ma m\u00e1r b\u00e1tran \u00e1ll\u00edthat\u00f3, <\/em><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Pesti H\u00edrlap. 1887. augusztus 28. 6. p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

hogy gy\u00e1rtm\u00e1nyai a t\u00f6k\u00e9ly legmagasabb fok\u00e1n \u00e1llanak, hogy min\u0151s\u00e9g\u00fck tekintet\u00e9ben a vil\u00e1g legh\u00edresebb lik\u0151r\u00f6kkel egy sz\u00ednvonalon \u00e1llanak.\u201d<\/em>[1]<\/a> A ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sr\u00f3l arany\u00e9remmel t\u00e9rtek haza, de ekkoriban m\u00e1r az udvar is felfigyelt a c\u00e9gre \u00e9s els\u0151sorban exporttev\u00e9kenys\u00e9ge miatt r\u00e9szes\u00fcltek dics\u00e9retben. Az Osztr\u00e1k Birodalom mellett, Franciaorsz\u00e1gba, Oroszorsz\u00e1gba \u00e9s Amerik\u00e1ba sz\u00e1ll\u00edtottak lik\u0151r\u00f6ket, konyakot, szilv\u00f3riumot. Az udvarnak is sz\u00e1ll\u00edtott k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9gi term\u00e9keket \u00e9s annak megel\u00e9ged\u00e9s\u00e9re 1895-ben elnyerte a c\u00e9g az egyik legrangosabb elismer\u00e9st a Cs\u00e1sz\u00e1ri \u00e9s Kir\u00e1lyi udvari sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3i c\u00edmet. 1896-os Millenniumi Ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s alkalm\u00e1val Ferenc J\u00f3zsef k\u00f6r\u00fatja alkalm\u00e1val a Zwack pavilonj\u00e1t is megl\u00e1togatta \u00e9s besz\u00e9dbe elegyedett a tulajdonossal Zwack J\u00f3zseffel: \u201eValamivel od\u00e1bb van Zwack J. \u00e9s T\u00e1rsai Lik\u0151rgy\u00e1r gy\u00f6ny\u00f6r\u0171 pavilonja, melybe a kir\u00e1ly be is ment, \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9ssel n\u00e9zegetv\u00e9n a csoportokat, melyek eleg\u00e1ns form\u00e1j\u00fa palaczkokb\u00f3l vannak \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edtva.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014 A gy\u00e1r m\u00e1r r\u00e9g\u00f3ta \u00e1ll f\u00f6nn? ugyeb\u00e1r?<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014 k\u00e9rdezte a kir\u00e1ly Zwack J\u00f3zseft\u0151l.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014 Igenis, Fels\u00e9ges uram!<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014 Igaz\u00e1n m\u00e1r r\u00e9gen l\u00e1ttam ily sz\u00e9p \u00e9s \u00edzl\u00e9ses ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1st! \u2014 folytatta a fels\u00e9g, bar\u00e1ts\u00e1gos\u00e1n szalut\u00e1lva azt\u00e1n a cz\u00e9g tulajdonosainak.\u201d[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

A kereskedelmi \u00e9s exportkapcsolatokat egy h\u00e1zass\u00e1g is meger\u0151s\u00edtette. Zwack J\u00f3zsef le\u00e1nya R\u00f3za (1852 \u2013 1919) Schreyer Jakab (1847 \u2013 1932) \u00fcgyv\u00e9d, jog\u00e1sz feles\u00e9ge lett 1874-ben, aki a Pesti majd 1879-t\u0151l Magyar Kereskedelmi Csarnok vezet\u0151 tiszts\u00e9gvisel\u0151je, titk\u00e1ra volt, de tagja volt a f\u0151v\u00e1ros k\u00e9pvisel\u0151test\u00fclet\u00e9nek \u00e9s a Kereskedelmi \u00e9s Iparkamara vezet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9nek is.<\/p>\n

Az 1890-es \u00e9vek elej\u00e9n m\u00e1r sz\u0171knek bizonyult az \u00dcll\u0151i \u00fati \u00fczem ez\u00e9rt a v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1s \u00faj telephely kialak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ba kezdett, a Duna parthoz k\u00f6zel a Ferencv\u00e1rosban kialakul\u00f3 \u00faj gy\u00e1ripari k\u00f6rzetben, ott, ahol a h\u00edres gabonamalmok is voltak. Az \u00faj \u00fczemet a Soroks\u00e1ri \u00fat 26. sz\u00e1m alatt 1892 \u00e9v v\u00e9g\u00e9n vett\u00e9k birtokba \u00e9s az\u00f3ta is ez a v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1s k\u00f6zpontja, ipari m\u0171eml\u00e9k, itt m\u0171k\u00f6dik a c\u00e9g k\u00f6zponti telephelye valamint a Zwack M\u00fazeum \u00e9s l\u00e1togat\u00f3k\u00f6zpont is.<\/p>\n

A c\u00e9g \u00e9s v\u00e1llalat c\u00e9gbejegyz\u00e9sei a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k\u00e9ppen alakultak. Az 1840-ben[3]<\/a> alap\u00edtott v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1sban 1864-ben[4]<\/a> majd 1866-ban t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt bejegyz\u00e9si v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s, k\u00f6zkereseti t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gg\u00e1 alakult beltagjai Zwack J\u00f3zsef \u00e9s Zwack Miksa szesz-, \u00e9s ecetgy\u00e1rosok voltak. 1876-ban ezt a bejegyz\u00e9st meger\u0151s\u00edtett\u00e9k. 1881-ben a lik\u0151rgy\u00e1rt\u00e1si \u00fczlet is bejegyeztetett. 1886-ban<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> F\u00e9legyh\u00e1zi H\u00edrlap. Kiskunf\u00e9legyh\u00e1za. 1891. IX. \u00e9vf. 42. sz.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Sz\u00e9kely Nemzet. 1896. m\u00e1jus 4. 68. sz.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Az alap\u00edt\u00e1st meger\u0151s\u00edti az 1885. \u00e9vi Budapesti Orsz\u00e1gos \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s Katal\u00f3gusa. Budapest, 1885. 148. p.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> A Pesti kir. V\u00e1lt\u00f3t\u00f6rv\u00e9nysz\u00e9k 1864. \u00e1prilis 29-\u00e9n a kereskedelmi egy\u00e9ni c\u00e9gek jegyz\u00e9k\u00e9be felvette Zwack J\u00f3zsef szesz \u00e9s ecetgy\u00e1rost. L\u00e1sd: S\u00fcrg\u00f6ny \u2013 Hivatalos \u00c9rtes\u00edt\u0151, 1864. 5. sz.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

csatlakozott Zwack Lajos, Zwack J\u00f3zsef fia beltagk\u00e9nt a v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1shoz. K\u00e9s\u0151bb pedig Lajos fiai Zwack B\u00e9la (1914), Zwack Jen\u0151 J\u00e1nos (1920) is bel\u00e9pett a csal\u00e1di v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1sba \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 c\u00e9gvezet\u0151i jogosults\u00e1ggal. Az alap\u00edt\u00f3 Zwack J\u00f3zsef teh\u00e1t \u00fcgyesen vitte v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1s\u00e1t, amelybe fia \u00e9s unok\u00e1i is bekapcsol\u00f3dtak, terjeszked\u00e9ssel \u00e9s profilb\u0151v\u00edt\u00e9ssel. A siker t\u00f6retlen volt a term\u00e9kpaletta b\u0151v\u00fclt Zwack J\u00f3zsef megel\u00e9ged\u00e9s\u00e9re. A kiegyez\u00e9s ut\u00e1n m\u00e1r t\u00f6bb mint 200 f\u00e9le lik\u0151rt \u00e9s alkoholf\u00e9les\u00e9geket gy\u00e1rtottak a legismertebbek tal\u00e1n a k\u00f6m\u00e9ny, casino, kaka\u00f3 vagy a marascino lik\u0151r\u00f6k voltak, ezen k\u00edv\u00fcl p\u00e1link\u00e1kat, k\u00f3ser szilv\u00f3riumot, slivovic\u00e1t, tokaji \u00e9s barackp\u00e1link\u00e1t, valamint Gy\u00f6ngyv\u00e9rnek nevezett paprika lik\u0151rt \u00e9s s\u00f3sborszeszt is k\u00e9sz\u00edtettek.<\/p>\n

A mai napig legismertebb f\u0151 term\u00e9k\u00fck az Unicum egyed\u00fcl\u00e1ll\u00f3 gy\u00f3gyn\u00f6v\u00e9nyekb\u0151l k\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u0151 gyomorkeser\u0171t 1883. m\u00e1jus 22-\u00e9n v\u00e9djegyeztett\u00e9k be, amely k\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9nek titk\u00e1t ma is f\u00e9ltve \u0151riz a csal\u00e1d. \u00c9rdekess\u00e9g, hogy az Unicumot a korban kolera j\u00e1rv\u00e1ny elleni gy\u00f3gyitalk\u00e9nt \u00e1rus\u00edtott\u00e1k, \u00e9s hirdett\u00e9k: \u201eAz \u00faj gyomorkeser\u0171-p\u00e1link\u00e1t mint kolera elleni v\u00e9d\u0151szert rekl\u00e1mozta \u00e9pp\u00fagy, mint a mostani influenzaj\u00e1rv\u00e1ny idej\u00e9n a tejkartell a tejet. Az \u00faj cikket minden\u00fctt nagy \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9ssel fogadt\u00e1k; \u00e9s amikor m\u00e1r a kolera vesz\u00e9lye elm\u00falt, m\u00e9g mindig sok h\u00edve akadt az \u00fajfajta p\u00e1link\u00e1nak, amelyet nagy haszonnal \u00e9rt\u00e9kes\u00edtett a Zwack-fiv\u00e9rek gy\u00e1ra.\u201d<\/em>[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

A Pesti Napl\u00f3<\/em> 1902-ben arr\u00f3l sz\u00e1molt be, hogy a Zwack J\u00f3zsef \u00e9s T\u00e1rsai Lik\u0151rgy\u00e1r \u00e9s P\u00e1linkaf\u0151zde sz\u00e9p ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1ssal vett r\u00e9szt az akkori ipari ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1son, ahol a c\u00e9gvezet\u0151t Frigyes kir\u00e1lyi F\u0151hercegnek is bemutatt\u00e1k. Az is kider\u00fclt, hogy a f\u00e9ltve \u00f6lt\u00f6tt lik\u0151rt m\u00e1r az 1840-es alap\u00edt\u00e1skor is ismert\u00e9k: \u201eA c\u00e9g gy\u00e1rtm\u00e1nyai k\u00f6z\u00fcl feleml\u00edtj\u00fck a vil\u00e1gh\u00edr\u0171 \u00abUnicum\u00bb keser\u0171 p\u00e1link\u00e1t, melyet m\u00e9g a tengerent\u00falra is nagym\u00e9rt\u00e9kben export\u00e1lnak. M\u00e1r 1840-ben ismert\u00e9k az Unicum gyomorer\u0151sit\u0151 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyitalt. T\u00f6rk\u00f6ly, szilv\u00f3rium \u00e9s val\u00f3di barackp\u00e1link\u00e1k mind dics\u00e9rik a Zwack gy\u00e1rat\u201d.<\/em>[2]<\/a> Az uralkod\u00f3csal\u00e1ddal val\u00f3 akt\u00edv kapcsolat egyik szimb\u00f3luma volt egyik term\u00e9k\u00fck a st\u00edlusos \u201eZ\u201d alak\u00fa c\u00edmk\u00e9s Cs\u00e1sz\u00e1r (Imperial) lik\u0151r is. A csal\u00e1di legenda szerint egyik \u0151s\u00fck dr. Zwack II. J\u00f3zsef egyik orvosa k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges gy\u00f3gyn\u00f6v\u00e9nylik\u0151rrel k\u00edn\u00e1lta uralkod\u00f3j\u00e1t, aki a k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges italt nem gy\u0151zte magasztalni \u00e9s azt mondta \u201eDas ist ein Unicum!<\/em> \u2013 Ez egyed\u00fcl\u00e1ll\u00f3! A legenda a m\u00falt hom\u00e1ly\u00e1ba v\u00e9sz. Magam sem bizony\u00edtani, sem c\u00e1folni nem tudom mindenesetre a fellelhet\u0151 udvari sematizmusokban, sem a korabeli h\u00edrad\u00e1sokban \u00e9s sajt\u00f3ban sem tal\u00e1ltam meg dr. Zwack-ot, amelynek legend\u00e1ja az 1990-es \u00e9vekt\u0151l k\u00f6zismert. Arr\u00f3l azonban l\u00e1tjuk, hogy vannak h\u00edrad\u00e1sok, hogy I. Ferenc J\u00f3zsef cs\u00e1sz\u00e1r nagy megel\u00e9ged\u00e9ssel illette a c\u00e9get \u00e9s term\u00e9keit. A c\u00e9g azonban m\u00e1s udvarok udvari sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3i c\u00edm\u00e9t is elnyerte a sz\u00e1zadfordul\u00f3n m\u00e1r a szerb kir\u00e1lyi h\u00e1z udvari sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3iv\u00e1 avanzs\u00e1ltak. 1907-ben arr\u00f3l sz\u00f3lnak a h\u00edrad\u00e1sok, hogy Zwack J\u00f3zsef term\u00e9kei a vil\u00e1g szinte minden ter\u00fclet\u00e9n<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Magyars\u00e1g. 1933. febru\u00e1r 7. 6. p.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Pesti Napl\u00f3. 1902. szeptember 9. 3. p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

el\u00e9rhet\u0151ek Indi\u00e1ban, a T\u0171zf\u00f6ld\u00f6n, az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokban \u00e9s D\u00e9l Amerik\u00e1ban is keresettek. A c\u00e9g f\u0151 term\u00e9ke az Unicum lett, m\u00e1r csak az\u00e9rt is, mert kiv\u00e1l\u00f3an hamis\u00edtott\u00e1k azt. A hamis\u00edt\u00f3k ellen kem\u00e9nyen fell\u00e9pett a \u201egener\u00e1lis\u201d, mert \u00edgy nevezt\u00e9k Zwack J\u00f3zsefet a c\u00e9gvezet\u0151 alap\u00edt\u00f3t. Perek \u00e9s ellen rekl\u00e1mkamp\u00e1ny indult a sz\u00e1zadfordul\u00f3n a jogos v\u00e9djegyoltalom\u00e9rt. A feh\u00e9r alapon v\u00f6r\u00f6s keresztes v\u00e9djegy miatt is volt gondjuk, mert a Nemzetk\u00f6zi V\u00f6r\u00f6skereszt (z\u00f6mmel k\u00fclf\u00f6ldi forgalmaz\u00e1si ter\u00fcleten) is \u00e1g\u00e1lt ellene, amely miatt k\u00e9s\u0151bb megv\u00e1ltozott a m\u00e1rkajel \u00e9s a mai ismert v\u00f6r\u00f6s \u2013 arany keresztt\u00e9 alak\u00edtott\u00e1k \u00e1t az Unicum saj\u00e1tos v\u00e9djegy\u00e9t.<\/p>\n

Zwack J\u00f3zsef nemcsak a gazdas\u00e1gi \u00e9s kereskedelmi \u00e9letben alkotott maradand\u00f3t, j\u00f3t\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1r\u00f3l is ismert volt. T\u00e1rsadalmi szerepv\u00e1llal\u00e1sa is igen jelent\u0151s volt: tagja volt az Izraelita K\u00f3rh\u00e1z v\u00e1lasztm\u00e1ny\u00e1nak, a Pesti Izraelita Kult\u00faregyes\u00fclet j\u00f3t\u00e9konys\u00e1gi tagozat\u00e1nak, az Izraelita K\u00e9zm\u0171ves \u00e9s Mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi Egyes\u00fclet bizottm\u00e1ny\u00e1nak. Mindemellett az Els\u0151 Hazai Takar\u00e9kp\u00e9nzt\u00e1r, valamint a Ter\u00e9zv\u00e1rosi Takar\u00e9kp\u00e9nzt\u00e1r bizotts\u00e1gi tagjak\u00e9nt \u00e9s a Ter\u00e9zv\u00e1rosi Iskolatan\u00e1cs tagjak\u00e9nt is m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00f6tt. Visszaeml\u00e9kez\u00e9sek szerint \u201evas\u00e1rnapjait k\u00fcltelki bolyong\u00e1sokkal t\u00f6lt\u00f6tte, szem\u00e9lyesen nyomozv\u00e1n a n\u00e1la seg\u00e9ly\u00e9rt k\u00e9rv\u00e9nyez\u0151k t\u00e9nyleges viszonyai ir\u00e1nt. \u00cdgy hajszolt fel mag\u00e1nak iskol\u00e1s gyermekeket, akiket tan\u00edttatott, f\u00e9rjhez adand\u00f3 l\u00e1nyokat, akiknek hozom\u00e1nyt adott, \u00e1rva gyermekeket, akiket az \u00e1rvah\u00e1zban\u00a0 saj\u00e1t k\u00f6lts\u00e9g\u00e9n neveltetett \u00e9s aki e hihetetlen szigor\u00fas\u00e1g\u00fa \u00fczletembert ismerte, nem ismerte volna fel ugyanabban azt a m\u00e1sik embert, aki \u00f6szt\u00f6nd\u00edj-alap\u00edtv\u00e1nyokat tett, \u00e1lland\u00f3an j\u00f3t tett, an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy ezt legsz\u0171kebb k\u00f6rnyezete tudta volna. Zwack mindig fontosnak tartotta kifejezni elk\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g\u00e9t a szeg\u00e9nyek ir\u00e1nt. A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151ket rendelte el: Mivel az elemi oktat\u00e1s alapvet\u0151 fontoss\u00e1ggal b\u00edr az emberi t\u00e1rsadalom helyes ir\u00e1nyba val\u00f3 fejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9re \u2013 a gy\u00e1rhoz k\u00f6zeli Mester utcai elemi n\u00e9piskol\u00e1ba j\u00e1r\u00f3 n\u00e9gy szeg\u00e9nysors\u00fa, j\u00f3 oszt\u00e1lyzat\u00fa tanul\u00f3 \u00e9spedig k\u00e9t fi\u00fa \u00e9s k\u00e9t le\u00e1ny jutalmaz\u00e1sa 4000 korona ford\u00edtass\u00e9k egyenl\u0151 r\u00e9szben \u00e9s vall\u00e1sk\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g n\u00e9lk\u00fcl.\u201d<\/em>[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

Zwack J\u00f3zsef meg\u00e9lte az els\u0151 vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00fat is, ekkoriban m\u00e1r csal\u00e1dja vitte az \u00fczletet, \u00fagy t\u0171nik igen j\u00f3, hiszen,\u00a0 1915-ben mintat\u00e1r \u00e9s detail\u00fczlet ny\u00edlt a Kossuth Lajos utc\u00e1ba 20. sz\u00e1m alatt, amelyet m\u00e9g 1918-ban is hirdetnek. Az els\u0151 vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00fas hadicsomagokba el\u0151szeretettel ker\u00fclt alkohol, lik\u0151r vagy s\u00f3sborszesz is. A c\u00e9g ezt kihaszn\u00e1lva kifejezetten zsebre tehet\u0151 Unicumos \u00fcveges lik\u0151r\u00f6ket gy\u00e1rtott. A 94 \u00e9ves aggasty\u00e1n gener\u00e1lis, minden tud\u00e1s\u00e1t h\u00e1trahagyva \u00e9s \u00e1tadva 1915. febru\u00e1r 20-\u00e1n t\u00e1vozott evil\u00e1gr\u00f3l.<\/p>\n

Zwack J\u00f3zsef igen el\u0151kel\u0151 poz\u00edci\u00f3t foglalt el a f\u0151v\u00e1rosban, a szimpatikus, j\u00f3s\u00e1gos aggasty\u00e1nt \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos tisztelettel vett\u00e9k k\u00f6r\u00fcl. A Zwack J\u00f3zsef \u00e9s T\u00e1rsa c\u00e9g alkalmazottainak \u0151 teremtette <\/em><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Magyar Ipar. 1915. febru\u00e1r 28. 139. p.<\/p>\n

meg nyugd\u00edjegyes\u00fclet\u00e9t, r\u00e9szt vett minden hum\u00e1nus mozgalomban \u00e9s \u00e9lete v\u00e9g\u00e9ig nagy agilit\u00e1st fejtett ki a k\u00f6z\u00e9let ter\u00e9n.\u201d <\/em>M\u00falt \u00e9s J\u00f6v\u0151, 1915. <\/em><\/p>\n

Hal\u00e1l\u00e1r\u00f3l sz\u00e1mos \u00fajs\u00e1g cikkezett. A csal\u00e1d Pestre betelep\u00fcl\u0151 gener\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1b\u00f3l m\u00e1sodikk\u00e9nt a gy\u00e1ralap\u00edt\u00f3, a legid\u0151sebb testv\u00e9r, J\u00f3zsef t\u00e1vozott az \u00e9l\u0151k sor\u00e1b\u00f3l. V\u00e9grendelet\u00e9t m\u00e1r 1904-ben elk\u00e9sz\u00edtette, amelyet ezt k\u00f6vet\u0151en m\u00e9g h\u00e1rom \u00edzben m\u00f3dos\u00edtott, illetve kieg\u00e9sz\u00edtett. Az alapv\u00e9grendelet \u00f6sszefoglal\u00e1sa szerint, J\u00f3zsef a vagyona t\u00falnyom\u00f3 r\u00e9sz\u00e9t k\u00e9pez\u0151, k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 hat t\u00e9telr\u0151l rendelkezett:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Joseph Zwack & Co.-c\u00e9g tulajdoni r\u00e9sze, bele\u00e9rtve az ingatlant is;<\/li>\n
  2. a ter\u00e9zv\u00e1rosi \u00d3 utca 3. sz\u00e1m\u00fa alatti h\u00e1z 6\/10-ed r\u00e9sze (itt lakott a csal\u00e1d);<\/li>\n
  3. a pesti Fonci\u00e8re Biztos\u00edt\u00f3 T\u00e1rsas\u00e1gn\u00e1l l\u00e9v\u0151 30 000 Korona \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u0171 biztos\u00edt\u00e1sa;<\/li>\n
  4. a Caritas Biztos\u00edt\u00f3 T\u00e1rsas\u00e1gn\u00e1l l\u00e9v\u0151 1000 Korona \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u0171 biztos\u00edt\u00e1sa;<\/li>\n
  5. A Pest-Budai Hengermalom Rt. 15 db r\u00e9szv\u00e9nye;<\/li>\n
  6. k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 \u00e9rt\u00e9kpap\u00edrok 4000 Korona \u00e9rt\u00e9kben.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    A v\u00e9grendeletben szerepelt m\u00e9g a Doh\u00e1ny utcai zsinag\u00f3g\u00e1ban k\u00e9t p\u00e1r hely, amelyeket Lajos fi\u00e1ra \u00e9s D\u00e1vid b\u00e1tyj\u00e1ra hagyom\u00e1nyozott. Az 1907-ben k\u00e9sz\u00fclt els\u0151 kieg\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9sben a Lajosra hagyom\u00e1nyozott templomsz\u00e9kek n\u0151i darabj\u00e1t \u00e9letfogytiglan Hermine l\u00e1ny\u00e1ra test\u00e1lta, \u00e9s \u00e9letj\u00e1rad\u00e9kr\u00f3l is gondoskodott a jav\u00e1ra. Meg kell eml\u00edten\u00fcnk, hogy J\u00f3zsef testv\u00e9re, D\u00e1vid hal\u00e1l\u00e1r\u00f3l a harmadik, 1914-ben keletkezett fi\u00f3kv\u00e9grendeletben megeml\u00e9kezett ugyan, de azt nem eml\u00edtette, hogy az \u00d3 utcai h\u00e1zat – ahol a lakc\u00edmjegyz\u00e9k szerint t\u00e9nylegesen lakott is -, amely Miksa testv\u00e9r\u00e9vel k\u00f6z\u00f6s tulajdonuk volt, 1910-ben adt\u00e1k el 269 400 koron\u00e1\u00e9rt.[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

    A c\u00e9ges vagyon \u00e9s tud\u00e1s az \u00f6r\u00f6ks\u00e9g mind megmaradt az ut\u00f3dokn\u00e1l. Az Unicum c\u00e9g fel\u00edvel\u0151 t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete itt kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt el, s folytat\u00f3dott a 20. sz\u00e1zad elej\u00e9n, majd r\u00f6vid sz\u00fcnet \u00e9s \u00e9rt\u00e9kment\u00e9s ut\u00e1n az 1990-es \u00e9vekt\u0151l ism\u00e9t visszat\u00e9rt a csal\u00e1d haz\u00e1nk hungaricum\u00e1val az Unicummal \u00e9s t\u00f6bb m\u00e1s term\u00e9kkel. Zwack J\u00f3zsef az alap\u00edt\u00f3 olyan \u00f6r\u00f6ks\u00e9get hagyott mag\u00e1ra, amely maga kor\u00e1ban, de ma is vil\u00e1gszerte ismertt\u00e9 tette a csal\u00e1dnevet \u00e9s az \u00e1ltala meg\u00e1lmodott gy\u00e1rat, szellemis\u00e9get. V\u00e9gezet\u00fcl id\u00e9zn\u00e9k az Unicum rekl\u00e1mdal\u00e1b\u00f3l (Unicum-Fox<\/em>), amelyet a k\u00e9t vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00fa k\u00f6z\u00f6tt prom\u00f3t\u00e1lt a c\u00e9g. Eredetileg a Hol\u00e9czy Egy\u00fcttes adta el\u0151, zen\u00e9j\u00e9t Hol\u00e9czy \u00c1kos szerezte: \u201eNa de az Unicumn\u00e1l jobb ital ma nincsen, csak egyet intsen, gy\u00f6ny\u00f6r\u0171 kincsem. S m\u00e1r j\u00f6n a pinc\u00e9r, hogy egy kortyot felhev\u00edtsen, s kedvre der\u00edtsen az Unicum.(\u2026)\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

    [1]<\/a> Gaj\u00e1ry Istv\u00e1n: Szempontok a Zwack Szeszgy\u00e1r 1915 \u00e9s 1950 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9hez. In: V\u00e1rost\u00f6rt\u00e9neti Tanulm\u00e1nyok. 13. Budapest, 2013. 200-201. p.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Forr\u00e1s: 2021\/2 T\u00f6r\u00f6k R\u00f3bert, Honismeret, A Honismereti sz\u00f6vets\u00e9g foly\u00f3irata, XLIX. \u00c9vfolyam<\/em>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t

    <\/div><\/div><\/div>
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    J\u00f3zsef Zwack, was born 200 years ago, who was the founder of the factory of the liqueur specialties called Zwack J. and partners.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Exactly two hundred years ago, on April 1, 1821, Zwak Wolf, was born in the Czech Kingdom of the Austrian Empire in today’s Batelov, i.e. the imperial and royal court supplier, trader and manufacturer of the Hungarian liqueur industry, founder of Zwack Unicum.<\/p>\n

    Today, the small town of almost 2,000 people is located in the Jihlava district of southern Bohemia, where Jews have lived since the Middle Ages. The first written records of the Jews are from 1426. The Jewish community has been active in the town since the end of the 18th century. The newly built Jewish Quarter after the Great Fire of 1790 still forms a well-preserved unit with its small square and several narrow streets. The synagogue which is still standing in the city was built in 1794 on the site of the old synagoge that was destroyed in the Great Fire. People were buried in a Jewish cemetery from the end of the 17th century, where today there are about 300 tombstones. The oldest tombstone dates back to 1715. The old cemetery is protected as a cultural heritage monument in the Czech Republic. The ancestors of the Zwack family also rest here. The geneology \u00a0can be traced back to the grandparents of the founder, who lived here in the settlement. The grandparents were Adam Zwak (circa 1744 – October 20, 1817) and his wife Roz\u00e1lia (1752 – 1839).<\/p>\n

    Their grandchild, Zwak Wolf (\u05d6\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u05d1 \u05d6\u05d5\u05d5\u05d0\u05e7), i.e. the dynasty founder J\u00f3zsef Zwack, Zwak Caspar i.e. G\u00e1sp\u00e1r (April 17, 1862) and Leonore L\u00f6wy or Eleon\u00f3ra (February 14, 1792 – February 14, 187) was born in this small Czech settlement in a populous family. Back in the days when the industry of the Austrian Empire was just beginning to unfold. According to the geneology, Wolf had a total of 12, i.e. 7 brothers and 5 sisters. According to the recollections, \u201che was already engaged in the spirits industry at the age of 19 and was already working with G\u00f6rebei (?) with some foresight, and began to enforce the principle that beverages should not be made from essences but from substances that give the drink its name; after all, this principle has earned him the reputation he left behind after 75 years of work. \u201d<\/p>\n

    The development of the Hungarian alcohol and liqueur industry can also be traced back to the youth of J\u00f3zsef Zwack. The merchant (family) migrating from the Czech Republic to Hungary, seeing the business and economic opportunity in Hungary, founded his shop and factory in 1840 in the center of Pest, in the Moroccan courtyard. (Immigration from the Czech Republic was also characteristic of several other later-known merchant families. The settlement was also due to changes in the law in 1840: this allowed Jews free migration, free trade, the creation of crafts, and manufacturing.) It stood on the site of today’s Erzs\u00e9bet Square. The Moroccan house was in the prime location for business. The proximity of the Danube shore of Pest, the commercial routes and the shopping streets (the former Rak market, V\u00e1ci utca, Kir\u00e1ly utca) also seemed suitable for the transportation of goods. In addition, there were many wholesalers in the Moroccan house, including the colonial merchant company that was \u00a0founded by J\u00f3zsef Hoffmann in 1804. According to sources, J\u00f3zsef Zwack did not come to Pest alone and was followed by his brothers, who were also engaged in brandy brewing or the spirits trade. (Zwack Max, ie Miksa the later partner of J\u00f3zsef Zwack, M\u00f3r Zwack, D\u00e1vid Zwack also settled in Pest.)<\/p>\n

    Spirits and liqueur companies initially evolved from royal leases into so-called regals. The pro-industrial movements and political advances of the 1830s and 1840s, and the emergence of commercial and industrial laws, also helped the domestic spirits industry to advance, develop, and actually emerge. From the Middle Ages onwards, the Jews played a displaced role in Europe, but they were also traders and, due to their legal status, engaged in finance and trade, as well as in dealings. Such an occupation, also practiced by the Jews, was the right to pub and the right to cook brandy or spirits, both in a landlord’s or even a market town or a free royal urban setting. Thanks to the changes in the law, Jews could already establish a factory and factory in Hungary. And the emancipation of 1867 also made it easier for Jewish merchants and craftsmen to integrate, settle down, and do business more freely.<\/p>\n

    The later competing major liqueur and spirits companies were also established at this time and in the following decades. The first major, the Braun Brothers Liqueur Factory, was founded in 1839, which is interesting to us because the St. Hubertus bitter liqueur product, established in 1901, is now marketed by Zwack. The liquor, vinegar and liqueur factory founded by Miksa Grauer was founded in 1852. It was also at this time that Gschwindt’s distillery, yeast, liqueur and rum, formerly engaged in the tobacco business and changing profile, was established in the 1850s. The distillery founded by Ferenc Sch\u00f6del in 1853 was bought by the Krausz family and from 1869 Krausz-Moskovits rt. became successful by operating several business lines (spirits, vinegar, liqueur, cognac, brandy). Also worth mentioning is the \u00d3budai Szesz\u00e9get\u0151 \u00e9s Finom\u00edt\u00f3 Rt. known as BUSZESZ Rt. But let’s get back to Joseph Zwack.<\/p>\n

    Unfortunately, the early stages of his biography are poorly known, we don\u2019t know his schools nor where he acquired his knowledge of the spirits industry. In any case, we know that he was an excellent expert in his profession. We know that \u201cthe Old Man, who was referred to by the general name of the profession, worked with exemplary precision from morning to night at his desk. His work ethic and amazing memory talent did not leave him even at the age of 93. He signed up to 400 letters with his own hands and, for example, at letter 246, he noticed that the other party had already paid two days in advance. \u201d<\/p>\n

    On March 26, 1848, in Pest, J\u00f3zsef Zwack married M\u00e1ria Sattler (1823 – July 20, 1893), the daughter of Solomon and Teresa of Sattler, from whom his children were the later descendants of the company. Between 1852 and 1855 he had four children: Hermina, R\u00f3za, \u00d6d\u00f6n and Lajos. The latter became a later (third) business partner of Zwack. In 1852, he received a factory operating license. J\u00f3zsef Zwack received Pest civil rights in 1860. In 1861 he lived in Haj\u00f3s Street according to the Pest directory.<\/p>\n

    However, for the small factory, the premises of the Moroccan house proved to be scarce. Then, when this too grew out, the neighboring house also used a so-called \u201cpen yard\u201d for its business. The family also lived here until the construction of Andr\u00e1ssy \u00fat. From 1882, a branch store was operated in the city center at 4 F\u00fcrd\u0151 Street. His brother Miksa Zwack (formerly called Max) joined the shop of J\u00f3zsef Zwack from 1866 (December 18, 1837 – February 6, 1920). The name of the company was later J\u00f3zsef Zwack and his partners co. The company also outgrew the place in Ter\u00e9zv\u00e1ros and moved around 19 \u00dcll\u0151i \u00fat in 1885, about which we also have a pictorial representation based on invoices. The company and site, which also has a single-storey large courtyard distillery and storage capacity, has further developed. (According to the contemporary description, the distillery, rum and liqueur factory, distillery, machine house and cleaning workshops were located here.) In addition, the sites on K\u00e9t Szerecsen Street were also kept.<\/p>\n

    The business became more and more successful. He brought awards at domestic and foreign industrial fairs in turn with his liqueur specialties. The company was prominent at the 1873 World’s Fair in Vienna, and in 1876 the company won the Medal of the National Association of Industry. They successfully (winning gold and bronze medals) attended at the National Exhibition in Sz\u00e9kesfeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r in 1879 and at the Trieste International Industrial Fair in 1879 and 1882. The real success was the National General Exhibition in the capital in 1885, where J\u00f3zsef Zwack was already a member of the jury. At that time, the factory, which employed 22 workers, was already producing and distributing export goods worth HUF 20-30 thousand. There was also an industrial accident in 1887, in which the owners and family members were injured: \u201cThey wanted to make cocoa liqueur in the distillery room. In a boiler in the middle of the workshop, two large copper bottles stood in the water, one filled with cognac and the other with spirits. The boiler was heated from below to allow the alcohol and cognac to evaporate. As a result of the huge heating, the evaporation soon stopped to such an extent that the steam in question filled the entire room. However, they did not know all this in the factory and worked calmly in all the rooms, when at the same time there was an explosion like a cannonball, and in the other minute tongues of flame broke out of the distillery. One of the members of the company, Lajos Zwack, immediately hurried over to see what an accident had happened, but unfortunately the burning spirits and steam were burning his hands, arms and face. The workers immediately injected water, and the fast-moving firefighters were able to enter the workshop after the fire was extinguished. Here, in one corner, a fully roasted figure wept, who was none other than cellar master K\u00e1roly Zwack. The unfortunate was transported by the ambulance company to the new public hospital in \u00dcll\u0151i- \u00fat, where he was placed in a separate room. \u201d Similar cases have often occurred in contemporary industrial plants, so the company is fortunate that, despite the difficulties, it has both technologically developed its sites and, if it has outgrown them, expanded its factory site.<\/p>\n

    \u201cJ\u00f3zsef Zwack: We had the opportunity – to gain a conviction of the excellence of the products of this company in 1885 on the occasion of the Budapest National Exhibition in 1891; however, how much surprise we had when we had the opportunity to see at this year’s exhibition in Timisoara, which was attended by J\u00f3zsef Zwack and Partners so excellently, how well this product was perfected and refined in this relatively short time, so that it can now be boldly adjusted that its products are at the highest level of perfection, that they are of the same quality as the world’s most famous liqueurs. ” They returned home with a gold medal from the exhibition, but by this time the court yard had already noticed the company and received praise mainly for its export activities. In addition to the Austrian Empire, liqueurs, cognac and plum were delivered to France, Russia and America. He also supplied specialty products to the court, and to his satisfaction, in 1895, the company won one of the most prestigious awards, the title of Imperial and Royal Court Supplier. On the occasion of the 1896 Millennium Exhibition, on the tour of Franz Joseph, he also visited the Zwack Pavilion and engaged Franz Joseph in a conversation with the owner, J\u00f3zsef Zwack: \u201cThe beautiful Pavilion of J\u00f3zsef Zwack and his partners is little further where the Royal King entered and looked with interest\u00a0 the groups, that was a composition of elegant bottles.<\/p>\n

    – Has the factory been up for a long time? isn’t it?<\/p>\n

    The king asked Joseph Zwack.<\/p>\n

    – Yes, Your Majesty!<\/p>\n

    – I have really seen such a beautiful and esthetic exhibition a long time ago! The majesty continued, saluting in a friendly manner to the owners of the company. ”<\/p>\n

    Trade and export relations were also strengthened by a marriage. The daughter of J\u00f3zsef Zwack, R\u00f3za (1852 – 1919), became the wife of Jakab Schreyer (1847 – 1932), a lawyer in 1874. and he was the leader, secretary of the Pest\u2019s and later to the Hungarian Trade Market-Hall, furtherore he was a member of the Capital\u2019s City Council and the member of the management of the Chamber of Industry and Commerse.<\/p>\n

    At the beginning of the 1890s, the \u00dcll\u0151i \u00fat plant proved to be cramped, so the company started to set up a new site in the new factory district in Ferencv\u00e1ros, close to the banks of the Danube, where the famous grain mills were. The new factory was taken over at 26 Soroks\u00e1ri \u00fat at the end of 1892 and has been the center of the enterprise, an industrial monument, the company’s headquarters and the House of Unicum.<\/p>\n

    The registration of the company changed in 1864 and then in 1866, which were transformed into general partnership, and its internal members were J\u00f3zsef Zwack and Miksa Zwack, distillery and vinegar manufacturers. In 1876, this entry was confirmed. In 1881, the liqueur shop was also registered. In 1886, Lajos Zwack, the son of J\u00f3zsef Zwack, joined the company as an internal member. Later, Lajos’ sons B\u00e9la Zwack (1914) and Jen\u0151 J\u00e1nos Zwack (1920) also joined the family business with independent company management rights. The founder, J\u00f3zsef Zwack, therefore deftly carried on his business, in which his son and grandchildren were also involved, with expansion and profile expansion. The success was unbroken to the satisfaction of the expanded product range of J\u00f3zsef Zwack. After the Consiliation, more than 200 types of liqueurs and spirits were produced, the best known were being perhaps cumin, casino, cocoa or marascino liqueurs, as well as brandies, kosher plum, slivovica, Tokaj and peach brandy, and pepper liqueur called Gy\u00f6ngyv\u00e9r.<\/p>\n

    Their best-known main product to this day, Unicum, a bitter stomach made from unique herbs, was registered as a trademark on May 22, 1883, and the secret of its making is still feared by the family. Interestingly, Unicum was sold as an anti-cholera epidemic medicine at the time and was advertised: \u201cThe new bittersweet brandy was advertised as a cholera protection just as milk was cartel at the time of the current flu pandemic. The new article was received with great interest everywhere; and when the danger of cholera was over, there were still many followers of the new kind of brandy, which was sold at great profit to the Zwack brothers’ factory. \u201d<\/p>\n

    In 1902, the Pest Diary reported that J\u00f3zsef Zwack and Partners Liqueur Factory and P\u00e1linka Distillery had a beautiful exhibition at the industrial exhibition, where the company manager was also introduced to the Royal Archduke Frederick. It also turned out that the dreaded liqueur was known as early as its founding in 1840: \u201cAmong the company’s products we mention the world-famous\u00ab Unicum \u00bbbitter brandy, which is widely exported even overseas. As early as 1840, the Unicum stomach-strengthening herbal drink was known. Pomace, plum and real apricot brandies all praise the Zwack factory \u201d. One of the symbols of the active relationship with the royal family was the stylish \u201cZ\u201d shaped labeled Imperial liqueur. According to family legend, one of their ancestors was dr. Zwack one of the doctors of Joseph II. offered his ruler a special herbal liqueur, who could not be praised for the special drink and said \u201cDas ist ein Unicum! – It’s unique! The legend goes into the darkness of the past. In any case, I cannot prove or deny myself in the court schematisms that can be found, nor in the contemporary news and press. Dr. Zwack, whose legend has been well known since the 1990s. However, we see that there are reports that Emperor Franz Joseph I. was very pleased with the company and its products.<\/p>\n

    However, the company also won the title of yard supplier to other courtyards. By the turn of the century they had already advanced to yard suppliers of the Serbian royal house. In 1907, it was reported that the products of Joseph Zwack were available in almost every part of the world and were sought after in India, the Fire Land, the United States, and South America. The Unicum has become the company\u2019s main product, therefore it is not a coincidence that it has been excellently counterfeited. The \u201cgeneral\u201d took a hard line against the counterfeiters (that is how J\u00f3zsef Zwack, the founder of the company, was called). Lawsuits against and against an advertising campaign were launched at the turn of the century for legitimate trademark protection. They also had a problem with the red cross trademark on a white background, because the International Red Cross (mostly in foreign distribution areas) also protested against it, therefore later changed the label and transformed Unicum ‘s unique trademark into today’ s well – known red – gold cross.<\/p>\n

    J\u00f3zsef Zwack was not only known for his permanence in economic and commercial life, he was also known for his charity. His social role was also very significant: he was a member of the board of the Israelite Hospital, the charity section of the Pest Israelite Cultural Association, and the committee of the Israelite Crafts and Agriculture Association. Besides he also served as a committee member of the First Hungarian Savings Bank, the Ter\u00e9zv\u00e1ros Savings Bank and the Ter\u00e9zv\u00e1ros School Council. According to recollections, \u201che spent his Sundays wandering outside, personally investigating the actual conditions of those applying for help from him. This is how he chased up school children he taught, girls to marry, whom he gave a dowry, orphan children he raised at his own expense in the orphanage, and who knew this incredibly strict businessman, would not have recognized the same other man who made scholarship foundations. He was constantly doing good, even without the knowledge of his closest environment. Zwack always considered it important to express his commitment to the poor. He ordered: Since elementary education is essential to the development of human society in the right direction, the four poor, well-graded pupils attending the elementary\u00a0 school on Mester Street near the factory should reward two boys and two girls with 4,000 crowns equally and without religious difference. ”<\/p>\n

    J\u00f3zsef Zwack also experienced the First World War, by which time his family was running the business, it seems very well, since in 1915 a sample shop and detail shop was opened at 20 Kossuth Lajos Street, which was still advertised in 1918. Alcohol, liqueur, or rubbing alcohol was also preferred in World War I packages. Utilizing this, the company produced Unicum bottles specifically for pockets. The 94-year-old old man was a general, leaving all his knowledge behind and passing it on February 20, 1915.<\/p>\n

    J\u00f3zsef Zwack occupied a very upscale position in the capital, the sympathetic, benevolent concern was surrounded with general respect. For the employees of Zwack J\u00f3zsef \u00e9s T\u00e1rsa, he created his retirement association, participated in all humane movements and showed great agility in public life for the rest of his life. \u201d Past and Future, 1915.<\/p>\n

    He has been featured in several newspapers. In the second place of the family who settled in Pest, the factory founder, the eldest brother, J\u00f3zsef, departed this life. He made his will as early as 1904, which he subsequently amended or supplemented three more times. According to the summary of the basic decree, J\u00f3zsef had the following six items, which make up the majority of his property:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ownership of Joseph Zwack & Co., including real estate;<\/li>\n
    2. the 6\/10 part of the house at 3 \u00d3 utca in Ter\u00e9zv\u00e1ros (the family lived here);<\/li>\n
    3. insurance of 30,000 Crowns with the Fonci\u00e9re Insurance Company in Pest;<\/li>\n
    4. insurance of 1000 Crowns with Caritas Insurance Company;<\/li>\n
    5. 15 shares of Pest-Budai Hengermalom Rt.;<\/li>\n
    6. various securities worth 4000 Crowns.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      The will also included two pairs of seats in the Doh\u00e1ny Street Synagogue, which he bequeathed to his son,Lajos and his brother D\u00e1vid. In the first addition, made in 1907,\u00a0 the female piece of the church chairs handed down to Hermine (daughter of J\u00f3zsef Zwack) of life-long, and also provided a life annuity for her benefit. It should be mentioned that he mentioned the death of J\u00f3zsef’s brother David in the third branch decree of 1914, but did not mention that the house on \u00d3 utca, where he actually lived according to the address book, which they shared with Miksa’s brother, that was sold in 1910 for 269,400 crowns.<\/p>\n

      The corporate wealth and knowledge of the legacy have all remained with the descendants. The rising history of the Unicum company began here and continued at the beginning of the 20th century, then after a short break and saving values, the family returned to Hungary with Unicum and several other products from the 1990s. J\u00f3zsef Zwack, the founder, left behind a legacy that made the brand and the factory and spirituality he dreamed of known worldwide in his day, but still today. Finally, I would quote from the Unicum advertising song (Unicum-Fox) promoted by the company between the two world wars. Originally performed by the Hol\u00e9czy Ensemble, its music was composed by \u00c1kos Hol\u00e9czy: \u201cBut there is no better drink than Unicum today, just drink one, my beautiful treasure. And the waiter is already coming to take a sip and cheer up the Unicum. (\u2026) \u201d<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      source: T\u00f6r\u00f6k R\u00f3bert, Honismeret, A Honismereti sz\u00f6vets\u00e9g foly\u00f3irata, XLIX. \u00c9vfolyam<\/em>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Zwack J\u00f3zsef munk\u00e1ss\u00e1ga The life-work of J\u00f3zsef Zwack English article below \u201eZwack \u00edgy tov\u00e1bb!\u201d[1] 200...","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-208603","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/208603","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=208603"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/208603\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":208609,"href":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/208603\/revisions\/208609"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/unicumhaz.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=208603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}